These include the use of drops placed on the mother’s breast, dissolvable doses, and high maternal doses (approximately 6,400 IU daily). Vitamin D is commonly provided to infants via drops for breastfed babies or via infant formula, although alternative dosing approaches exist for breastfed infants, which some families may prefer. There are no strong data to support either routine testing of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D or targeting high serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels (e.g., 30 ng/mL) in healthy preterm or full-term infants.
Higher doses have not been consistently shown to have specific clinical benefits for healthy infants. Available research, as well as most guidelines, recommend an intake of 400 IU daily of vitamin D as adequate for bone health in preterm and full-term infants. However, the primary cause of rickets in premature infants is a deficiency of calcium and phosphorus, not vitamin D. Rickets is uncommon in full-term infants with a much higher risk in very premature infants. Inadequate vitamin D in infants leads to increased risks of poor bone mineralization and ultimately rickets. PROSPERO CRD42017073292.Vitamin D is necessary for the active (transcellular) absorption of calcium and for skeletal health. Conclusion: vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy improves serum 25 (OH) D concentration and suggests positive effects on overall health condition, length at birth and birth weight. Significant effects were also presented at the length at birth considering any supplemented dose (MD=0.19 CI95%=0.08-0.30 p=0.0010 I2=0%, 1452 participants, low quality evidence) and birth weight in doses higher than 4000IU/day (MD=257.05 (CI95%=137.81-376.29 p<0.0001 I2=14%, 176 participants, moderate quality evidence). Results: the newborn’s overall health condition was presented as Apgar, with a mean difference (MD) of 0.15 (CI95%=0.06-0.25 p=0.002 I2=0%, two studies, 648 participants, moderate quality evidence) at the first minute and 0.11 (CI95%=0.04-0.17 p=0.001 I2=0%, two studies, 648 participants, moderate quality evidence) at the fifth minute.
The data was analyzed on RevMan 5.4 software and the quality of evidence on GRADE. Randomized controlled trials were searched by evaluating the effects of maternal vitamin D supplementation in neonates. Methods: this research was conducted in the electronic databases of MEDLINE, LILACS, EMBASE and Cochrane Library until December 2020, using the terms “vitamin D”, “pregnancy”, “vitamin D deficiency”, “infant”, “newborn” and their synonyms. Abstract Objectives: to assess the effects of vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy on the outcomes of vitamin D concentration in newborns, length at birth, overall health (Apgar), birth weight and maternal vitamin D concentration after childbirth.
0 kommentar(er)
